History

As history wheeled on, Egypt enjoyed stability and security for long periods of time. Consequently, the Egyptian civilization revived & became more prosperous, thus arousing the fears of neighbouring countries urging them to launch attacks on the eastern & western boarders of the country.
As a result of such attacks the country became depleted and fell in the hands of Assyrians in 670 B.C, then the Persians who looted the country and spread
corruption and oppression during their reign until the invasion of Egypt by "Alexander The Great" in 332 B.C.

During his reign, Alexander The Great did not rely on Egyptians in
establishing his army. However, he assigned them to the administrative
work to support his combat forces.

Realizing the bravery& stamina of Egyptian soldiers, ptolemy- who established the ptolemic state in 323 B.c. established a magnificant army taking them as
the core of his fighting force in the battle of "Rafa" in 217 B.C.
The Ptolemic state deteriorated in the mid of their third century
of ruling Egypt as a result of the Egyptian rebellion against the weak Ptolemic kings Thethen.

Rome took advantage of the previous circumstances to impose its
influence on Egypt and eradicated the Ptolemic states in 30 B.C
during the reign of Queen Cleopatra .

The Romans kept ruling Egypt as a colony established to serve Rome,
hindering Egyptians from having thier own army least their existence in Egypt
might be threatened. Hence, Egypt kept suffering from a severe decline in
power under the rule of the Roman Empire, and with the spread out of Christianity in Egypt. Egyptians sustained severe oppression until the spread of Islam in 642 A.D.
From then on, substantial changes in the lifestyle of Egyptians were introduced.

With the widespread of Islam in Egypt under the command of Amr Ibn-El-Aas,
Egypt adopted Islam as the religion of the country and became the home of
the Islamic caliphate in 969 A.D. In addition, the Arab language spread
and became the official language of the country. In 1097 A.D ,
the crusade campaigns started against the East Arabian countries.
By this time, Egypt headed the Islamic world. The Egyptian army,
under the command of Salah El-Din-El-Ayoubi, defeated the crusaders
in the battle of "Heteen " in 1186 A.D. It was also able to defeat
another French campaign, under the command of King Louis IX of France,
in 1249 A.D. in El-Mansoura capturing the french king as prisoner of war.

Sultan “Salah El-Din El-Ayouby” the hero of “Heteen” and
“Beyt El Mekdos” in the Year 1187 A.D. He reigned
Egypt from 1171 to 1193 A.D.

The Egyptian army went into a fierce war against the Asian Mongolians
and reaped victory in the battle of Ein-Galout in 1260 A.D. It kept
defending Egyptian & Arab land, facing colonial greed, untiL Egypt fell
in the hands of Turky in 1517. Opening a new page in the Egyptian history.


One of the kinds of daggers with one edge used in fighting.	Different kinds of swords

Swords, axes, archery weapons, daggers and hatchets were the most common weapons at that time in addition to catapult and mobile towers on wheels
that were used to attack forts. Egypt also had a magnificent fleet that fought in many battles, the most prominent of these is the battle of “Zat - El Sawary” against the Romans in 655 A.D.


Different kinds of guns with wide orifice in the17th century.	Different shields to protect the warriors from being beaten

With the Ottomanic occupation of Egypt in 1517 A.D, Egypt became the pivot
of great powers conflicts , mainly Great Britain and France. Yet,
the first initiative came from France - the French expedition headed by
Napoleon Bonaparte in July 1798 A.D.

Egyptians resisted the expedition for three years till the British fleet under
the command of Nelson Horatio destroyed the French fleet in the Bay of
Abu Kir to the south of Alexandria city in Aug 1798 A.D.on the seventh
of March 1801 A.D , the British forces landed to the west of Alexandria and
proceeded towards Cairo to fight the French troops that were forced to surrender .